03 November 2014

Tomb of the Unknowns


Fold3 has an article about the first Tomb:
On 11 November 1921, President Warren G. Harding presided over the dedication of the Tomb of the Unknowns, also commonly called the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, which originally honored fallen American servicemen from World War One whose remains had not been identified.
Congress approved the creation of the memorial in March of 1921. To ensure that the identity of the American really was unknown, the bodies of four unidentified World War One servicemen were disinterred from various French cemeteries. They were placed in identical caskets and brought to Chalons-sur-Marne, France, where Sergeant Edward F. Younger, a war hero, selected one of the four caskets at random during a ceremony at the city hall on 24 October 1921.
The selected casket was placed on board the USS Olympia during another ceremony and sent to the United States, where it arrived on 9 November 1921. The casket was brought with much dignity to the Capitol, where the casket was put on public display on the tenth. An estimated ninety thousand people came to pay their respects to the Unknown Soldier, so many that the rotunda was kept open until midnight to accommodate them all.
On the morning of 11 November, the newly declared Armistice Day holiday, the enormous funeral procession for the Unknown Soldier proceeded from the Capitol to Arlington National Cemetery. During the funeral at Arlington’s Memorial Amphitheater, President Harding gave a speech and bestowed the Medal of Honor and Distinguished Service Cross on the Unknown Soldier; other nations also bestowed their highest honors. The casket was then moved to the tomb, where a funeral service was read, and then officials and dignitaries laid wreaths and other tributes. The funeral ended with the playing of Taps and a twenty-one-gun salute.
At the time of the burial, the tomb had yet to be completed. The marble structure that now stands was installed in 1932 and bears the inscription Here Rests in Honored Glory an American Soldier Known but to God. Unknown soldiers representing the fallen of World War Two and the Korean War were laid to rest at the monument in 1958. A soldier from the Vietnam War was interred at the monument in 1984 but, through DNA testing, the body was positively identified in 1998 and returned to his family.
Rico says that Harding was kind of a dweeb in his day, but you gotta love a guy who carries a middle name like Gamaliel... (And they took out the Soldier part so as not to offend possible dead sailors and Marines...)

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