15 September 2015

Battle of Britain



The BBC has an article about the Battle of Britain:
A flypast involving about forty Hurricanes (photos, front) and Spitfires (photos, rear) has taken place to commemorate the 75th anniversary of World War Two's Battle of Britain.
The grouping, the biggest in one place since the war, took off from Goodwood Aerodrome in West Sussex, then flew to airfields linked to the battle.
Prince Harry was due to take part, but gave up his seat for a veteran when one of the two-seater Spitfires was grounded.
The battle between the German Luftwaffe and the Royal Air Force (RAF) was a key moment in British history. A range of events have already been staged over the past few months to mark the fighting, which raged between July and October of 1940.
The Battle of Britain was a pivotal moment in World War Two, when the country stood alone against Hitler's seemingly unstoppable military power
In July of 1940, the RAF deployed 640 planes, although more were available, and aircraft production was subsequently ramped up, while the Luftwaffe could call upon 2,600 fighters and bombers.
The average age of a pilot was twenty years old. Twenty percent of the pilots were from the British Dominions, and occupied European or neutral countries
The RAF lost 1,023 planes and the Luftwaffe lost 1,887 planes in the battle
The flypast and service were held on Battle of Britain Day, the name given to the day, 15 September 1940, when the Luftwaffe launched its largest and most concentrated attack against London in the hope of drawing out the RAF.
Spitfires, Hurricanes, and Blenheims, from across the UK, US, and Europe, came together at Goodwood Aerodrome. Present-day owners, operators, pilots, and engineers were there alongside veterans. The planes flew past Goodwood in formation before dispersing to historical airfields in Northolt in Middlesex, North Weald in Essex, Duxford in Cambridgeshire, Bentwaters in Suffolk, Colerne in Wiltshire, and Biggin Hill in Kent.
Battle of Britain pilot Wing Commander Tom Neil, now 95, led the formation from the rear seat of a two-seat Spitfire.
Speaking from the cockpit after his aircraft landed, he said: "It was delightful. It was nice to be back in a Spitfire again." He was joined in the flight by wounded service personnel who have been training to fly as part of the Spitfire Scholarship set up by the Boultbee Flight Academy, in partnership with the Royal Foundation's Endeavour Fund, which Prince Harry launched at Goodwood in 2014.
The vintage planes recreated the flight paths of those that flew in World War Two, and were due to take off at 1200, but were delayed until 1400 because of bad weather.
The BBC's Robert Hall, at the aerodrome, said one of four two-seater Spitfires due to take part became unserviceable, prompting Prince Harry to pull out to allow others to fly instead.
Battle of Britain veteran Nigel Rose, now 97, said pilots at that time only realized the significance of what they were engaged in some time later. "Gradually more and more examples came up from history to show that this was an important thing to have done, to get the German high command to pull back from invasion," he said.
Earlier, at St. Paul's, Cameron stood alongside Polish President Andrzej Duda and welcomed him to Downing Street afterwards. The prime minister described the service, organized by the RAF Association, as "very moving", and said it was a "particular honor" to see Duda on the battle's 75th anniversary. "The battle that really was not just one of most vital moments in the history of Britain, but in the history of Europe and the world, in which Polish pilots played such an absolutely vital role in saving Europe from tyranny, from Nazis and from Hitler," he said.
A march past by about 75 standard bearers took place after the service, and a scale model Spitfire was positioned in front of the cathedral.
BBC News correspondent Daniela Relph:
The emphasis at the commemorative service at St. Paul's Cathedral was on "everyone"; the pilots and air crew, but also radar operators, air raid wardens, firefighters, nurses, and maintenance teams who played their part in the Battle of Britain.
It included foreign air forces who supported the British air assault; the president of Poland heard the gallantry of Polish pilots described as "unsurpassed".
Sitting nearby on his first official engagement as Leader of the Opposition was Jeremy Corbyn, not looking obviously uncomfortable in the heart of the establishment.
Afterwards he said he'd been to St. Paul's many times before and it was a beautiful church. He said he'd thought of his mother today, who had been an air raid warden during the Blitz.
During the service, the Dean of St. Paul's, the very Reverend David Ison, said we remembered the Battle of Britain bravery today, but were also mindful that "our world is disfigured still by war and violence".
The pilots of the RAF, who became known as The Few, successfully stood up to wave after wave of German fighters and bombers.
Rico says that Winston Churchill (as always) put it best: "Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few."

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