07 August 2014

Yazidi flee for their lives


The Clarion Project has an article about Iraq:
Tens of thousands of Yazidis, one of Iraq's oldest ethnic minorities, have been forced to flee their homes this weekend and take refuge in the Sinjar Mountains due to the advance of the Islamic State. Shi'ites and others deemed heretical by the Islamic State have also fled. Those who remained have fallen into the hands of the militants, who have killed the men and forced the women into sex slavery under so-called "jihad marriages".
This follows on the heels of the Islamic State's brutal rise to power and the recent expulsion of all Christians from Mosul, bringing an end to a two-thousand-year-old community.
Between ten thousand and forty thousand civilians are trapped on Mount Sinjar, having fled the surrounding villages after the collapse of Kurdish defense forces. Mount Sinjar is a barren, exposed rock face completely surrounded by Islamic State forces. Those on the mountain have no food and no water. Because the Islamic State control all the roads, no aid can get in and the refugees cannot get out. Attempts to airlift water onto the mountain have so far been unsuccessful.
Many have already died of thirst. UNICEF says that at least forty children and elderly people have died already, with many more at risk. Reports from the few Yazidis on the mountain who still have battery life on their mobile phones say that families are burying their loved ones in shallow graves covered in stones. The landscape is too harsh to dig deeper.
One Yazidi refugee, Karim, drove with his family over the mountains across a roundabout route to Kurdistan, where they were able to take shelter with a brother who lives in the town of Dohuk. He made the perilous journey with a convoy of two hundred other cars, taking only personal items, a little food and water and their guns.
The convoy drove into Syria through the Kurdish-controlled areas, then back into Iraqi Kurdistan. Around a hundred and fifty thousand people escaped to refugee camps and towns in Kurdistan this way, but services are severely overstretched. Karim told the New Yorker that he was one of the lucky ones. "Some are in camps for refugees," he said. "It’s very hot and very hard. We are safe, but thousands of families are in the mountains. Thousands.”
Karim was dismissive of the reaction from the international community. "I don’t see any attention from the rest of the world,” he said. “In one day, they killed more than two thousand Yazidi in Sinjar, and the whole world says: ‘Save Gaza, save Gaza.’"
The Yazidi faith is thousands of years old, some estimates suggest as old as six thousand years. They believe that God created the universe and delegated his power to seven "angels" led by the Melek Taus (the Peacock Angel). The religion bears similarities to Sufism, Zoroastrianism, and other ancient Middle Eastern faiths such as Mithraism and the Assyrian religions. The Sunni extremists regard the Yazidis as "devil worshippers". Worldwide, there are around seven hundred thousand Yazidis, of which a half million live in Iraq.
The Islamic State's forces captured the town of Sinjar over the weekend, defeating the Peshmerga, the Kurdish defense forces guarding the area. Sinjar is a district in Iraq's Ninevah province between Mosul and the Syrian border. The district is named after the mountain and the town.
The Peshmerga were outgunned by the Islamic State, which has captured heavy weaponry, including rocket launchers and armored vehicles, abandoned by the Iraqi army. The Peshmerga are equipped primarily with small arms. At press time, Kurdish forces are reported to be planning a counterattack.
Yazidis are not the only group suffering from the Islamic State's advances. The Islamic State captured Iraq's largest Christian town, Qaraqosh, and several Shi'ite areas. Joseph Thomas, the Chaldean Archbishop of  Kirkuk and Suleimaniyah told AFP: "I now know that the towns of Qaraqosh, Tal Kayf, Bartella, and Karamlesh have been emptied of their original population and are now under the control of the militants." Christians and Shabak Shi'ites have fled the arriving jihadi militants.
In Lebanon, militants loyal to the Islamic State captured parts of the border town of Arsal, fighting alongside other jihadi militia factions such as Jabhat al-Nusra.
Yet despite its advances, and the near universal loathing for the Islamic State's caliphate enterprise, no force has yet emerged to counter the group. According to Noah Bonsey, the Syria expert for the International Crisis Group: "With Iran and Saudi Arabia locked in a proxy war in Syria, Saudi Arabia competing with Qatar and Turkey for influence throughout the region, and Kurds— themselves hardly united— leaning ever further toward independence, it is not realistic to expect a coherent strategy for confronting ISIS to emerge from the region." 
Rico says we're lucky not to have religious wars here...

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